The most expensive moment in any system you operate is "there's an outage and I don't know why." The server didn't die — responses just got slow — but if you can't tell whether it's the DB, the network, or the application code, engineers keep restarting on guesswork while revenue bleeds out. This is exactly why the concept of Observability emerged as distinct from plain "monitoring." Monitoring is "answering questions I defined in advance (did CPU cross 80%?)," while observability is "the ability to answer, with data, even questions I never anticipated (why is only this one specific user slow?)." And that ability only appears when you can cross-reference three kinds of data: metrics, logs, an